However, the federation was opposed by Indonesia, leading to a three-year confrontation. On 22 July 1963, Sarawak was granted self-government by the British and subsequently became one of the founding members of Malaysia, established on 16 September 1963. After the war, the last White Rajah, Charles Vyner Brooke, ceded Sarawak to Britain, and in 1946 it became a British Crown Colony. During World War II, it was occupied by the Japanese for three years. He, and his descendants, governed the state from 1841 to 1946. In 1839, James Brooke, a British explorer, arrived in Sarawak. The coastal regions of Sarawak came under the influence of the Bruneian Empire in the 16th century.
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A series of Chinese ceramics dated from the 8th to 13th century AD was uncovered at the archaeological site of Santubong. The earliest known human settlement in Sarawak at the Niah Caves dates back 40,000 years. Sarawak is the only state of Malaysia with a Christian majority. Mount Murud is the highest point in the state.
Rajang River is the longest river in Malaysia Bakun Dam, one of the largest dams in Southeast Asia, is located on one of its tributaries, the Balui River. It has several prominent cave systems at Gunung Mulu National Park. Sarawak has an equatorial climate with tropical rainforests and abundant animal and plant species. As of 2021, the population of Sarawak was estimated to be around 2.45 million. Other cities and towns in Sarawak include Miri, Sibu, and Bintulu. The capital city, Kuching, is the largest city in Sarawak, the economic centre of the state, and the seat of the Sarawak state government. The largest among the 13 states, with an area almost equal to that of Peninsular Malaysia, Sarawak is located in northwest Borneo Island, and is bordered by the Malaysian state of Sabah to the northeast, Kalimantan (the Indonesian portion of Borneo) to the south, and Brunei in the north.
Sarawak ( / s ə ˈ r ɑː w ɒ k/ Malay: ) is a state of Malaysia.
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